AIBA will not reallocate any medals for Rio 2016 ©AIBA

An internal International Boxing Association (AIBA) investigation into refereeing and judging problems at last year's Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro has attempted to pin the blame on an "unwelcome axis of influence" controlled by former members of the body's senior management.

AIBA claim there is no "evidence" that the reallocation of medal rankings is required for Rio 2016.

The world governing body are, though, vowing to research the "feasibility of processes for the appeal of decisions in the future".

All 36 referees and judges suspended pending the results of the probe by an AIBA Special Investigation Committee (SIC) will now be re-integrated on a "case-by-case basis".

Boxing competitions at Rio 2016 received widespread criticism due to several decisions believed to be suspect.

They included Russia's Evgeny Tishchenko winning the gold medal in the men’s heavyweight final over Kazakhstan's Vassily Levit on August 15, despite appearing to be on the back foot throughout.

Ireland's bantamweight world champion Michael Conlan was involved in one of the most controversial contests of the Games after appearing to dominate a quarter-final against Vladimir Nikitin before the Russian was awarded the victory.

Conlan launched an expletive-laden rant in a post-fight interview with Irish broadcaster RTE, where he claimed AIBA were "cheats" and that amateur boxing "stinks from the core to the very top" before departing for the professional ranks.

He will have to pay a CHF10,000 (£7,800/$9,700/€9,300) fine for his outburst if he ever decides to re-register with a National Federation and return to Olympic boxing.

Ireland's Michael Conlan, left, was among boxers to suffer a controversial defeat at Rio 2016 ©Getty Images
Ireland's Michael Conlan, left, was among boxers to suffer a controversial defeat at Rio 2016 ©Getty Images

"The investigation ordered by AIBA President Dr Ching-Kuo Wu after a small number of decisions at Rio 2016 came under scrutiny and serious allegations were made against AIBA officials, has been concluded," a statement today said.

"Starting in mid-September, the full investigation took place in two phases across four months, with over 50 interviews conducted during that time.

"The key findings indicate that, due to a lack of proper procedural norms, a concentration of decision-making power and the assigning of roles assumed by former senior management that had a detrimental impact on in-competition best practice. 

"Whilst the Special Investigation found no active interference in the results.

"AIBA moved quickly to identify those involved and took the necessary steps to ensure its officials will no longer become scapegoats for close decisions which are an inherent aspect of the sport."

The officials have not been named directly, but are thought to consist of former AIBA executive director Karim Bouzidi and sports director Kristin Brynildsen.

Both left their positions soon after Rio 2016.

Changes to the referees and judging system have already been introduced for 2017.

An independent Swiss Timing electronic draw system will now be used to select the judges for each bout, AIBA announced late last year, with the Draw Commission replaced by a single official overseeing the technology.

All five of their scorecards will be used to determine the winner, instead of just three. 

Judges will also be placed on all four sides of the ring, while another change will see scores for each round only declared at the conclusion of a bout rather than at the ends of the rounds.

AIBA staff members will, supposedly, not have any involvement with the field of play (FOP) during competitions.

CK Wu claims AIBA's decision will ensure
CK Wu claims AIBA's decision will ensure "greater consistency and transparency" in boxing ©Getty Images

Today's statement also revealed that, in order to "move forward and to prevent AIBA becoming a scapegoat for unpopular decisions in the future", a broad education programme will be undertaken involving boxers, coaches, officials and fans alike, to instill a "greater understanding of scoring and give a strong reminder of the importance of sportsmanship, respect and fair play values". 

"AIBA defends the integrity of its expert R&Js (referees and judges) who operate in difficult, subjective circumstances, but we have shown that we are also not afraid of making difficult decisions for the good of boxing," said Wu.

"An unwelcome axis of influence and sole decision-making had been created and used by former senior management that led to a lack of due process being carried out. 

"We moved immediately to re-empower our commissions and use their expertise in order to decentralise the decision-making and re-establish our procedures.

"Whilst there is no evidence that this had a direct influence on results in Rio, if best practice is not followed 100 per cent of the time by our officials and R&Js, that is unacceptable. 

"The SIC have conducted a thorough investigation and many of their recommendations, including the disbanding of the 5-star R&J structure and placing control of the FOP back in the hands of the tournament supervisor, have already been put into place. 

"These actions will ensure even greater consistency and transparency in our officiating as we head into the new Olympic cycle."