Creveling, part of the American speed skating team which won 5,000 metres relay silver at Sochi 2014, tested positive for performance-enhancer clomiphene.

The 30-year-old failed for the drug in an out-of-competition test conducted on October 18 last year.

He has accepted the punishment handed out by USADA.

Creveling's suspension has been backdated to November 18 and he will not be able to return to the sport until 2020, with the ban ruling him out of competing at Pyeongchang 2018.

"Creveling's four-year period of ineligibility began on November 18, 2016, the date he accepted a provisional suspension," USADA said in a statement. 

"In addition, Creveling has been disqualified from all competitive results obtained on and subsequent to October 18, 2016, the date his positive sample was collected, including forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes."

The substance was initially produced as a fertility drug but is thought to have performance-enhancing benefits as it raises the levels of testosterone.

"Clomiphene is a specified substance in the class of hormone and metabolic modulators and is prohibited at all times under the USADA protocol for Olympic and Paralympic Movement Testing, the United States Olympic Committee National Anti-Doping policies, and the International Skating Union Anti-Doping policy, all of which have adopted the World Anti-Doping Code and the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List," the USADA statement added.

Creveling had said in an interview in March that he hoped he would go one better than his Sochi 2014 silver in the South Korean resort in February.

He had previously claimed the Games in the Russian city could be his last Olympics.

The sanction from USADA could spell the end of his career as he will be nearly 34 by the time he is allowed to skate competitively.